Law and Rights
Update 26th September: In the post below, I wrote that extradition will now be possible unless some other obstacle is either raised or encountered. Well it has been! - see The Guardian 26th September. The latest challenge relates to Abu Hamza and Khaled al-Fawwaz. The -grounds for the challenge against extradition are not publicly known at present though the Guardian's article refers to "new material" and to the possibility that Abu Hamza's health may have deteriorated. The hearing will be in the High Court on Tuesday 2nd October before Sir John Thomas (President of the Queen's Bench Divisio) and Ouseley J.
Update 27th September: Take a look at UK Human Rights blog - Abu Hamza wants his passport back.
..... Original post ....
Back in mid-April, this blog looked at the case of Babar Ahmed and others v United Kingdom which was decided on 10th April by the Fourth Section of the European Court of Human Rights - see the post of 14th April. The case concerned six men facing extradition to the USA - Babar Ahmed (1st applicant); Haroon Aswat (2nd applicant); Syed Ahsan (3rd); Mustafa Kamal Mustafa (known more commonly as Abu Hamza al-Masri) (4th); Adel Bary (5th); Khaled Al-Fawwaz (6th). In the United Kingdom, because of almost invariably adverse mainstream media coverage, Abu Hamza (pictured) is the most well-known of the six.
The applicants made two complaints - first that conditions at ADX Florence in the USA (which could be made worse by "special administrative measures") would violate Article 3 and, secondly, if convicted they would face sentences of life imprisonment without parole and/or extremely long sentences of determinate length in violation of Article 3.
The first of those complaints (i.e. conditions at ADX Florence) was held to be inadmissible in relation to the 4th applicant (Abu Hamza) since, given his physical condition, there was "no real risk of his spending anything more than a short period of time at ADX Florence" [judgment para 5].
The court was not in a position to finalise the 2nd applicant's case and required further submissions from the parties. Examination of his complaints was therefore adjourned.
For more on ADX Florence, see The Guardian 10th April 2012 - "ADX Florence supermax prison: the Alcatraz of the Rockies"
Article 3 of the European Convention states - "No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment."
The court held that in relation to the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 6th applicants there would be no violation of Article 3 as a result of conditions at ADX Florence and the imposition of Special Administrative measures post-trial.
The court also held that there would be no violation of Article 3 as a result of the length of the sentences which would be likely for the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th applicants if convicted.
In April, the court's judgment was not final since Chamber judgments may be referred within 3 months to the Grand Chamber - (Article 43 of the Convention). The court applied Rule 39 of the Rules of Court which, in effect, prevented extradition taking place until further notice. This was a holding position to allow for any reference to be made to the Grand Chamber.
A reference was duly made to the Grand Chamber which has refused to hear the matter - see BBC News 25th September 2012. The judgment of 10th April has therefore become final and, on the face of it, extradition of these men will now be possible unless some other obstacle is either raised or encountered.
The popular British media are delighted at this ruling. A few concerns remain however. The first is the matter of delay. If people are not too bothered about the length of time these cases have taken then they should be. Delay is inimical to justice as was recognised centuries ago in Magna Carta with its famous declaration - "To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice." Barrister Adam Wagner writes about the lengthy delays in a good post on UK Human Rights blog.
Delay apart, a number of other concerns remain and these were noted in the earlier blogpost:
- Vinter And Others V Uk ~ European Court Of Human Rights
The Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights has held that the United Kingdom is in breach of Article 3 of the Convention by imposing whole life orders without possibility of review for murder. The key words there are without possibility...
- Human Rights - A Short Update
Council of Europe Report: The 6th Annual Report of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers has been published. It deals with Supervision of the execution of judgments and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. Foreign...
- The Five Are Extradited ~ Is This A Time For Rejoicing?
On 5th October, the High Court finally cleared the way for the extraditions to the USA of Al Fawaz, Abdel Bary, Abu Hamza, Babar Ahmad, Talha Ahsan. The British and US governments clearly wasted no time in getting the men out of the UK as, during...
- Extradition To The Usa ~ Five Lose In The High Court
Update 9th October: The full judgment A few days ago, at his annual Press Conference, the Lord Chief Justice expressed "fury" at "any case that takes eight years through a whole series of judicial processes to come to a conclusion -- " The...
- Pesky Time Limits And Abu Qatada - No.2
On 19th April Law and Lawyers posted on Pesky Time Limits and Abu Qatada. In that post it was argued that when a judgment was handed down on 17th January, it would be 17th April when the 3 month time limit for a party to request a reference to the...
Law and Rights
Abu Hamza ~ Judgment of European Court of Human Rights becomes final
Update 27th September: Take a look at UK Human Rights blog - Abu Hamza wants his passport back.
..... Original post ....
Back in mid-April, this blog looked at the case of Babar Ahmed and others v United Kingdom which was decided on 10th April by the Fourth Section of the European Court of Human Rights - see the post of 14th April. The case concerned six men facing extradition to the USA - Babar Ahmed (1st applicant); Haroon Aswat (2nd applicant); Syed Ahsan (3rd); Mustafa Kamal Mustafa (known more commonly as Abu Hamza al-Masri) (4th); Adel Bary (5th); Khaled Al-Fawwaz (6th). In the United Kingdom, because of almost invariably adverse mainstream media coverage, Abu Hamza (pictured) is the most well-known of the six.
The applicants made two complaints - first that conditions at ADX Florence in the USA (which could be made worse by "special administrative measures") would violate Article 3 and, secondly, if convicted they would face sentences of life imprisonment without parole and/or extremely long sentences of determinate length in violation of Article 3.
The first of those complaints (i.e. conditions at ADX Florence) was held to be inadmissible in relation to the 4th applicant (Abu Hamza) since, given his physical condition, there was "no real risk of his spending anything more than a short period of time at ADX Florence" [judgment para 5].
The court was not in a position to finalise the 2nd applicant's case and required further submissions from the parties. Examination of his complaints was therefore adjourned.
For more on ADX Florence, see The Guardian 10th April 2012 - "ADX Florence supermax prison: the Alcatraz of the Rockies"
Article 3 of the European Convention states - "No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment."
The court held that in relation to the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 6th applicants there would be no violation of Article 3 as a result of conditions at ADX Florence and the imposition of Special Administrative measures post-trial.
The court also held that there would be no violation of Article 3 as a result of the length of the sentences which would be likely for the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th applicants if convicted.
In April, the court's judgment was not final since Chamber judgments may be referred within 3 months to the Grand Chamber - (Article 43 of the Convention). The court applied Rule 39 of the Rules of Court which, in effect, prevented extradition taking place until further notice. This was a holding position to allow for any reference to be made to the Grand Chamber.
A reference was duly made to the Grand Chamber which has refused to hear the matter - see BBC News 25th September 2012. The judgment of 10th April has therefore become final and, on the face of it, extradition of these men will now be possible unless some other obstacle is either raised or encountered.
The popular British media are delighted at this ruling. A few concerns remain however. The first is the matter of delay. If people are not too bothered about the length of time these cases have taken then they should be. Delay is inimical to justice as was recognised centuries ago in Magna Carta with its famous declaration - "To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice." Barrister Adam Wagner writes about the lengthy delays in a good post on UK Human Rights blog.
Delay apart, a number of other concerns remain and these were noted in the earlier blogpost:
- Whilst the judgment [of 10th April] does something to clarify the law relating to Article 3 and Extradition [paras. 166-179] the whole range of cases from Soering 1989, via Chahal (1997) and Saadi (2008) to the present decision should be reviewed with the purpose of the Grand Chamber setting down a clear statement of the law.
- The written submissions of the respected 3rd Party Interveners were rejected - [see paras. 7 and also 197-199]. The interveners included the American Civil Liberties Union and Reprieve. The submissions were referred to briefly and raised serious questions about the reality of the system in the USA. It is unclear precisely why those arguments were rejected so decisively and fuller explanation was merited.
- The decision may give encouragement to governments in European Convention States to create similarly severe detention regimes [i.e. to ADX Florence] with only minimally compliant procedural safeguards for those subjected to such regimes.
- Vinter And Others V Uk ~ European Court Of Human Rights
The Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights has held that the United Kingdom is in breach of Article 3 of the Convention by imposing whole life orders without possibility of review for murder. The key words there are without possibility...
- Human Rights - A Short Update
Council of Europe Report: The 6th Annual Report of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers has been published. It deals with Supervision of the execution of judgments and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. Foreign...
- The Five Are Extradited ~ Is This A Time For Rejoicing?
On 5th October, the High Court finally cleared the way for the extraditions to the USA of Al Fawaz, Abdel Bary, Abu Hamza, Babar Ahmad, Talha Ahsan. The British and US governments clearly wasted no time in getting the men out of the UK as, during...
- Extradition To The Usa ~ Five Lose In The High Court
Update 9th October: The full judgment A few days ago, at his annual Press Conference, the Lord Chief Justice expressed "fury" at "any case that takes eight years through a whole series of judicial processes to come to a conclusion -- " The...
- Pesky Time Limits And Abu Qatada - No.2
On 19th April Law and Lawyers posted on Pesky Time Limits and Abu Qatada. In that post it was argued that when a judgment was handed down on 17th January, it would be 17th April when the 3 month time limit for a party to request a reference to the...